Music-chart.



No. 675,345. Patented May 28, |901. H. BAUER. MUSIC CHART.

(Application filed Fab. 19, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.'

nu Model.)

Patented May'za, 19m.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. BAUER.

-IUSIC CHART.

(Application led Feb. 19, 1901A se e:

(No Nadel.)

L i t; n t

Inventor:

fm @8a-uu NU- 675,345- V Y Patented May v28, r|901.

H. BAUER. Y

MUSIC CHART.

(Application led Feb. 19, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

TH: Norms Pinus cc. wcmumo. wAsHmovau. D1 cA UNITED STATES PATENTOEErcE.

HEINRICH BAUER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO SOHMER du COMPANY, OFSAME PLACE.

MUSIC-CHART.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 675,345, dated May 28,1901.

Application led February 19 1901. Serial No. 47,895. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, HEINRICH BAUER, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of New York city, county and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Music-Charts, of which thefollowing is a specification- This invention relates to a music-chart ora preparatory manual of harmony by which a student of music or theplayer of a4 musical instrument will be able to ascertain accurately thechords for any key in which he may desire to write or play. i The chartis so constructed that kby a short movement of a slide or transposer thevarious chords of the keynote are exposed, while all the other notes areconcealed. The notes are so arranged on the transposer that successivechords are successively presented by a movement of the transposer lessthan the distance between the iirst and last note of the chord lastpresented.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a face view of my improvedmusic-chart, showing it set to a D-maj or or the corresponding B-minorkey. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a faceView of the face-plate A with the slide or transposer removed. Fig. 4Lis a face view of the transposer A detached. Fig. 5 is a face View of amodication of the music-chart; Fig. 6, a

rear view thereof; and Fig. 7, a cross-section on line 7 7, Fig. 6.

With particular reference to Figs. l to 4, the letter A represents theface-plate of the music-chart, and A2 is the back plate, Fig. 2, betweenwhich is formed a pocket for the reception of the slide or movabletransposer A'.

The face-plate A is ruled longitudinally to form a series ofsubdivisions or rows a a2 a3 a4 and b h2 h3 b4 b5, of which thedivisions c to a4 are designed to indicate the principal major chords,while the divisions h to h5 are to indicate the corresponding minorchords. The divisions a to d4 are therefore collectively marked Majorkey and are individually marked at the left end with the appellations ofthe chords which they are to indicate, viz: Tonic triad, Subdominanttriad, Dominant chord of the seventh, and Diminished triad and minorchord of the seventh. The divisions b to b5 are collectively markedMinor key and are individually marked Tonic triad, Subdominant triad,Dominant chord of the seventh, Diminished triad and chord of diminishedseventh, and Augmented triad.

Each of the subdivisions a to a4 and b to b5 is providedwith a number ofperforations c and d, respectively, through which a part of theunderlying slide A is exposed. These perforations are spaced differentlyfor each subdivision, the spacing being as follows, taking the width ofthe perforation c or d as a unit: in division a', seven units betweenrst and second perforations, ve units between second and thirdperforations; in division a2, seven unitsbetween iirst and second, fivebetween second and third; in division da, seven between iirst andsecond, ve between second and third, five between third and fourth; indivision a4, five between first and second, live between second andthird, seven between third and fourth; in division b', iive betweenfirst and second, seven between second and third; in division b2, fivebetween first and second, seven between second and third; in divisionb3, seven between first and second, five between second and third, fivebetween third and fourth; in division b4, five between first and second,live between second and third, ve between third and fourth; in divisionb5, seven between first and second, seven between second and third.Furthermore, the first perforations in divisions a? and a4 are settwounits to the right of first perforation in division a', while iirstperforation of division a3 is setfour units to the right. Firstperforation in division b5 is set directly beneath first perforation indivision b. First perforations in divisions b2 b4 are set two units'tothe right. First perforation in division b3 is set four unit-s to theright.

The perforations are respectively marked as follows: in division i a',1, 3 major third, Perfect fifth, in division a2, 4, 6 major third, Sperfect fth; in division a3, 5, 7 major third, 2 perfect fifth, Minorseventh; in division afgblank, Minor third, Diminished fifth, Minorseventh, in division b', l, 3 minor third, Perfect fifth, in divisionb2, 4, 6 minor third, 8 perfect fifth, in division b3, 5,

IOO

lo key note to which the .entire chart is set. f

shows the corresponding minor foundation or keyl note, and g shows thesignatures.

The slide A', Fig. 4, is provided with nine rows of notes h h2 h3 h4 and7l 26314712 placed,

x 5 respectively, under the divisions a' to a4 andb' to b5, so that theuncovered figures of any one row may be read through the perforations ofthe superposed division. The peculiarity in the arrangement of the notesin each row is 2o that by a movement of the slide less than the`distance between the first and last note of any exposed chord anotherchord will be exposed, while all the other chords will be concealed.Thus by successively drawing the slide one unit to the left the varioussuccessive chords will be exposed. To obtain this result, the notes ineach row must be so arranged that the unit distances between the notesof any one chord are equal to the unit ,3Q distances between the notesof any other chord on the same. row and that, furthermore, the

notes of the different chords are placed be-4 tween the notes of otherchords. Thus, to

illustrate, for vthe tonic-triad line a h thel first note on line h' isC, the note after the seventh unit (corresponding to the distancebetween the first and second perforation on line ct' of plate A) is E,and the note after the fifth unit from E (corresponding to the dis- 4otance between the second and third perforations on line' a of plate A)is G. Thus when the chart is set to expose the foundation or key note Cat the first perforation the tonic triad C,E,G for such note will beshown. Now

one unit to the right of note C there'is marked on slide A' the note Db,while F is marked to the right of E, and Ab is marked to the right of G.Thus by moving the slide A one space to the left the notes D17 F, Abwill be exposed,

5o which is the tonic triad of the key-note succeeding C-viz., Db. In asimilar manner any other chord may be'formed by moving the slide intosuch a position that the key-note is exposed through the firstperforation of row d'.

In order to obtain the result described, the notes cannot always beplaced side by side, some blank spaces beingnecessary,two blanks being,for instance, formed between D and 6o Eb, one blank ,between Eb and E,dac., all as more fully represented in Fig. 4.

Simultaneously with exposing the tonic triad in the line a the othermajor chords of the same key-note are exposed in the lines a2 to d4,'while the chords of the relative minor key will be exposed in the linesb to b5. To effect this result, the notes for each of the chords arearranged in a manner similar to that described in relation to the VlineLL-viz., the unit-spaces between the notes for any one chord are equaltothe spaces between the notes of any of the other ehords'forthe same lineand equal to the spaces between the corresponding perforations of plateA, while, furthermore, the notes of any one chord are sides thus readilyascertaining the various chords pertaining to any onekey-note, thediatonic scale of such note is also exposed through the openings markedsuccessively il to 8. Thus Fig. l shows the chart set to D-major and thecorresponding B-minor key. The tonic triad of the major key is D, F95,A, the subdominant triad G, B, D, 85e., while the diatonic major scaleascertained by following the numerals l to 8. is shown to be D, E, F55,G, A, B, C, D. In similar manner the other chords of the major key,- aswell as the chords of the corresponding minor key and the diatonic scaleof the minor key,-

are ascertained.

. Of course the key-note for each chordwill be shown through the firstperforations of the top lines a' and b'; but I prefer to form twoadditional rowsj and 7c upon the slide A', to be exposed through theperforations e and f of the face-plate A. These additional keynotes havefor their object to facilitate the set ting of the chart, the slidebeing moved until the note desired is exposed through the opening e orf.

To the right of the notes j and k the slide A is provided with uprightrows of signatures Z, the sharps and Viiats being thus exposed for eachkey-note through the opening g.

Figs. 5 to 7 illustrate a modification of the invention, in which, thetransposer in lieu of being a slide is a rotatable disk A11, that may beturned by means of a knob A3. The top and bottom plates A10 and A12 arealso i'nade disk-shaped, and all the rows 0.11 to w14, as well as therows Z211 to Z715, are made in the form of concentric circles. In orderto reduce the size of the chart, the major chords are repre* sented onthe top plate A10, while the minor chords are represented upon thebottom plate A12. Thus when the chart has been set to the foundation-keydesired the major chords are read od from one side, and then the chartis4 reversed to ascertain the relative minor chords from the other side.

,7 5 placed between the notes of other chords. Be-

Ilo

010 represents the perforations in' the rows p vface-plate having a rowof perforations ar-v ranged to correspond with the intervals of thechord, with-a movable transposer having a row of notes, the notes ofeach chord being spaced equally with the notes of other chords in saidrow, and being ,placed intermediate the notes of other chords,substantially as specified. e

2. In a music-chart, the combination of a face-plate having rows ofperforations, with a movable transposer having rows of notes, the notesfor any one chord being spaced equally with the' correspondingperforations of the face-plate, and being arranged intermediate thenotes of other chords, substantially as specilied.

3. In a music-chart, a face-plate having a perforated tonic-triad row, aperforated subdominant-triad row, a perforateddominantchord-of-the-seventh row, and a perforated di- Ininished-triadand chord-of-the-seventh row,- combined with a movable transposer havingcorresponding rows of notes, the notesforming the chords for any onekey-note being simultaneously exposed through the perforated rows of theface-plate,- and being placed intermediate the notes of other chords,substantially as specified.

Signed by me at New York city, county and State of Nev:r York, this 18thday of February, 1901.

HEINRICH BAUER.-

Vitnesses:

WILLIAM ScHULz, F. v. BRIESEN.

